It must have been about sixish on that cool, dewy
Mayday morning in 1988 when I was approached by the man I now know as Angus
Farquhar atop Calton Hill in Edinburgh. At the time, I only recognised the kilted
and bunnetted figure who offered me a bannock and a blessing for luck as a
member of Test Dept. The NME-championed industrial agit-prop ‘metal-bashers’ had
earlier lined up with massed drums and pipes between the pillars of the Scottish
National Monument’s half-built folly in front of several thousand revellers to
see in the day as part of a ritual for Beltane.
This reconstituted pagan ceremony had come at the end
of a procession spear-headed by dancers covered in blue or red body-paint, and
led by a flailing May Queen. This white-robed powerhouse positioned herself at
the centre of the folly flanked by Test Dept’s black-clad quartet pounding
their sturm-und-drang way towards dawn. Now here she was standing beside this
unerringly polite if possibly pissed member of the group in serene silence as
he handed me a bannock before kissing me on the cheek by way of a similarly
spirited good luck charm.
I now know that the May Queen was Laban-trained choreographer
and dancer Liz Ranken, currently an associate artist and movement director with
the Royal Shakespeare Company. I also know that her costume was created by
art-school trained Butoh dancer Lindsay John, who was ill and unable to take
part alongside the body-painted sprites who leapt about the hill. I now know as
well that the late Martyn Bennett played the pipes that night, and I half remember
Hamish Henderson singing Freedom Come All Ye, but none of that mattered to me
then.
What mattered was that such a spectacle seemed to tap
into the spirit of a then unregulated free party scene that would give rise to
rave culture, here married to more traditional musical forms in a way that is
now commonplace. Even better, it was happening in a public space opposite St
Andrew’s House in a still to be devolved Scotland. And that was making a huge
political statement, about the right to free assembly, and about
self-determination.
That first modern revival of Beltane had been
initiated by Test Dept, whose revolutionary rhetoric was forged in the rust and
real-politick of closed-down factories. Here they transformed the leftover fire
and steel into a musical assault on western capitalism with military precision
and constructivist artistry. In hindsight, for me, at least, while there would
be several other Test Dept spectaculars beyond Beltane, this looked and felt
like the spiritual beginning of NVA, the environmental arts pioneers who would
move into the great outdoors for a series of great adventures that would span
over more than a quarter of a century.
NVA was led by Farquhar, a key member of Test Dept.
The organisation’s initials stand for nacionale vita active. NVA said this ‘expresses
the Ancient Greek ideal of a lively democracy, where actions and words shared
among equals bring new thinking into the world.’ As ambitions for an arts group
go, it made quite a statement.
Back in 1988, the factories were pretty much all gone,
either flattened, left derelict or else bought up by corporate property
developers to be converted and reinvented as edgy apartments for urban living.
They’ve no doubt ended up as the sort of bland conurbations without any history
to call their own that are currently sucking the life out of every city on the
planet. Outdoors, the land still gave the impression, in 1988, at least, of
being owned by all and none, and the potential for transforming it into a
living spectacle born of the landscape itself was up for grabs. Almost thirty
years on, Beltane is still a fixture of Edinburgh’s cultural calendar, while
NVA have blazed several trails in an increasingly monumental but totally
transitory series of environmental interventions.
NVA’s announcement this week that it will be closing
forthwith comes on the back of the company being turned down for regular
funding by Creative Scotland. For anyone who has ever been soaked, windswept
and exhilarated by being immersed in an NVA creation, this is a tragedy. As is
too the organisation’s reluctant withdrawal from reinvigorating St Peter’s
Seminary, the Cardross-based modernist architectural wonder which lay empty and
unloved for years before Farquhar and co invested a decade attempting to
restore it.
While St Peter’s looks set to be put in the care of
Historic Environment Scotland, NVA’s departure from the project is a civic and
artistic disaster. Beyond both decisions, these two tragedies signal one more
nail in the coffin of the beleaguered arts funding body who thought not
supporting NVA was a good idea.
NVA’s announcement comes hot on the heels of Creative
Scotland’s humiliating reversal of some but by no means all of their regular
funding decisions after theatre companies such as the internationally renowned
Catherine Wheels were initially cut. As well as NVA, David Leddy’s Fire Exit
theatre company was turned down for RFO status, as was Glasgow’s pioneering
artist-led gallery, Transmission. While Catherine Wheels, the Dunedin Consort
and three other organisations had their funding decisions reversed, the cuts
against Fire Exit, NVA, Transmission and others remained.
For long-time Creative Scotland-watchers, leaving some
of the most imaginative, outward-looking and risk-taking arts organisations in
the country without a secure footing to plan future activity looked very much
like lightning striking twice. Back in the last RFO funding round in 2014, when
announcements were made to cover 2015-18, those who lost out included Stewart
Laing’s acclaimed theatre company, Untitled Projects.
It’s interesting to note that while Creative Scotland
failed to recognise the artistic worth of Untitled Projects, Edinburgh
International Festival did. This happened first with a 2015 remount of Laing’s
brilliant Paul Bright’s Confessions of a Justified Sinner, an event which
tapped into Scotland’s underground culture which Farquhar, Test Dept, Beltane
and NVA invoked.
This year Untitled are at EIF again with The End of
Eddy, an audacious staging of French nouveau enfant terrible Edouard Louis’
wave-making autobiographical novel that looks at class, violence and sexuality
in unflinching fashion. This is great news, but imagine what work has
undoubtedly been lost because Creative Scotland are unable to recognise the
genius they have on their doorstep because it didn’t fit in with some stupid,
ill-conceived and ideology-led box-ticking exercise.
Also turned down for regular funding in 2014 for the
2015-18 period was Inverleith House, the former keeper’s residence contained
within the grounds of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh which was the original
home of the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art. Once SNMG moved on, under
the guidance of RBGE’s then director of exhibitions Paul Nesbitt, over the last
thirty years Inverleith House became a world-renowned platform for contemporary
art.
The outcry the subsequent closure of the programme for
Inverleith House in 2016 provoked caused a Scottish Government working group on
the future of the space to be set up. This in turn provoked something of a
U-turn by RBGE middle managers following an extended closure of Inverleith
House’s contemporary art programme. While there are currently no artistic staff
in post at RBGE, an advertisement for a Head of Exhibitions has recently
appeared. The damage, alas, has been done, and the chances of Inverleith
House’s contemporary art programme being restored to its former greatness are
slim.
All of this is umbilically connected to the closure of
NVA, whose early outdoor work includes The Secret Sign, a ‘walk in the dark’
along the Devil’s Pulpit in Finnich Glen near Loch Lomond in 1998. Two years
later, they produced The Path in Glen Lyon, Perthshire. In 2002, Fall from
Light was a sound-and-light-based promenade through the South Ayrshire
locations for Tam O’Shanter, and formed part of the Burns an’ A ‘That festival.
A year later again, NVA created The Hidden Gardens, a permanent transformation
of industrial wasteland at the back of Tramway in Glasgow into a living environmental
monument to peace.
In the last decade and a half, NVA collaborated with numerous
arts organisations. In 2005, the same year sound and light installation The
Storr appeared on the Isle of Skye, the company took part in the Glasgow
Festival of Light with Radiance. This featured a visual art programme developed
by Katrina Brown, with organisations involved including Transmission.
In 2007, NVA worked with the National Theatre of
Scotland and Barry Esson of sonic arts producers Arika Industries on Half Life,
which took place in Kilmartin Glen in Argyll. A year later they lit up the
glasshouse of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh with Spirit, which formed part
of that year’s Chinese Lantern Festival.
As part of the 2010 Glasgow International Festival of
Visual Art, NVA presented the 1960s Dutch Provo inspired White Bike Plan.
Perhaps most ambitious of all, in 2012, Speed of Light was a fusion of public
art, sport and choreography presented on Arthur’s Seat as part of Edinburgh
International Festival and the London 2012 Olympic cultural programme. As well
as straddling all twelve of Edinburgh’s festivals, Speed of Light went on to Yokohama,
Salford and Ruhr.
And then came St Peter’s, the neglected architectural
masterpiece championed by Farquhar, NVA and others, but which in the end simply
couldn’t be brought back to life without a far greater investment of time,
energy and resources which nobody seems to have.
What has been achieved on the St Peter’s site over the
last decade, however, has been heroic. Hinterland marked the launch of
Scotland’s Festival of Architecture 2016, and opened the doors of the former seminary
to a wider public for the first time in thirty years to witness a suitably
transcendent spectacle of sound and vision.
What will now be NVA’s final work, Make Me Up, is
scheduled to appear across the UK this coming November. This new film by Rachel
Maclean, who represented Scotland in the 2017 Venice Biennale, sees Maclean
conjure up a comic-horror dystopian future where a group of women are trapped
in a vicious reality TV-style competition. Filmed in St Peter’s, Make Me Up
commemorates the 100-year anniversary women in the UK being first given the
right to vote.
As this far from definitive list shows, NVA’s work can’t
easily be put into a particular box. It is neither theatre or visual art in the
Waverleygate sense of those words. Rather, the company has occupied a unique
position within Scotland’s artistic landscape both at home and abroad. That
position, alas, has just inexplicably been razed away.
NVA were post-industrial mavericks. Led by Farquhar
and executive director Ellen Potter, the company drew its artistic ideas from
the counter-cultural European avant-garde, Joseph Beuys inspired environmentalism
and situationist-styled psycho-geography. Crucially, these ideas were applied in
a civic context that saw NVA collaborate with festivals at a local, national
and global level. In this way they both infiltrated official culture and laid
down the foundations for future cultural explorers to burrow their way through
the ruins of town and country and reinvigorate them with fresh artistic life. In
Edinburgh, for instance, the Hidden Door festival has been excavating neglected
spaces and reimagining them in ways Test Dept / Hidden Door might once have
done.
Throughout a series of increasingly ambitious works,
NVA avoided being co-opted as a circuses-and-bread style diversion and retained
artistic credibility. At its best, NVA’s work, and the constituent parts
required to make that work, was a sleight-of-hand on an epic scale that joined
dots between artforms and organisations like few others.
With this in mind, there is no little irony in the
fact that NVA has just been killed by Creative Scotland. On the one hand, you
have an artist-led organisation headed by one of the most visionary auteurs of
the late twentieth and early twenty-first century, whose drive and zeal was born
of punk and an instinctive opposition to 1980s Thatcherism. On the other, you
have a government-sanctioned quango founded on a bureaucratic, managerialist
New Labour ideology which an SNP government – an SNP government – has quietly
acquiesced to.
At that funding organisation’s head are a coterie of middle
managers, desperately out of their depth after being parachuted in equipped
with little save a passed-down hand-book of the sort of loveless jargon that
makes leadership training course graduates feel clever. It takes two minutes,
however, to realise that those boardroom-friendly phrases are actually
meaningless. Despite a catalogue of ineptitude, jaw-droppingly bad decision making
and an apparent ignorance of the constituency they are supposed to be serving
that borders on self-parody, those at the very top of that funding organisation
somewhat miraculously still have jobs. Those working for NVA don’t.
As has been stated here before, the removal of those
senior Creative Scotland managers from their posts – and more than one must go
– will solve nothing by itself. This was the case too following the necessary
removal of their open-shirted predecessor Andrew Dixon. A veteran of exactly
the same management training courses as them, his departure left Creative
Scotland’s fundamental ideology intact in the way a time-bomb is left, one
wrong move making it likely to blow up in everybody’s faces.
If the ideological time-bomb that Creative Scotland
was founded on is not dismantled from the top down, whether it’s this time next
year, in three years, five years or beyond, be sure that it will blow up, and
it will keep on blowing up.
In any other country in the world, artistic
visionaries such as Angus Farquhar, Stewart Laing David Leddy and Paul Nesbitt
would not just be lauded. They would be protected from bureaucratic bungling
and given the resources and the security to make something even greater than
they already have done. Instead, they’re effectively being told by Creative
Scotland that, despite all the evidence to the contrary, their work somehow
isn’t up to scratch. Rather than have some kind of sensible artistic continuum,
they shouldn’t get too big for their boots, these arty types, and should go
back to scratching around for pennies like everybody else.
As long as this utter failure of ambition, vision and will
continues to be allowed to effectively control Scotland’s artistic narrative,
those like Farquhar who are already in possession of all three will never be
able to live up to their full potential. Perhaps they will quite rightly go
somewhere they will be given the respect and the resources they deserve.
It may be too late now for or NVA, Fire Exit,
Inverleith House and all the others killed by Creative Scotland. If so that’s as
heart-breaking for those companies and institutions as it is shameful for those
who sanctioned the decisions that directly caused their downfall.
For Farquhar, and for everyone else involved with NVA,
just like that dewy Mayday morning back in 1988 on Calton Hill, it’s a brand
new dawn. I hope they’re sharing bannocks and kisses to bring good luck raining
down on them for whatever happens next. I hope as well that it’s something to
do with actions and words being shared among equals to bring new thinking into
the world.
As for Creative Scotland, stop me if you’ve heard this
one before, but like I say, nothing’s changed. it’s an organisation that’s never
been fit for purpose, and has been a dead quango walking for at least half a
decade now. Time to put it out of its misery, rip it up and start again.
Bella Caledonia, June 2018
ends
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